Soma ibyerekeye ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kwerekana amashusho - Micro-LED

Muri iki gihe, ikoranabuhanga ryo kwerekana amashusho ryabaye uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo guhanahana amakuru, rikoresha telefoni zigezweho, ibikoresho bya VR/AR, ibikoresho byambarwa, ibikoresho byo kwerekana amashusho mu modoka, tableti/computers na laser projection.

 

Itara rito rya LEDIkoranabuhanga rizwi nka "ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kwerekana ikoranabuhanga", iterambere ryaryo n'inganda biri kwihuta, kandi amahirwe yo ku isoko ariyongera.

Imiterere y'ibigo bikomeye by'imbere mu gihugu

 

Tianma Microelectronics yatangiye gushora imari mu ikoranabuhanga rya Micro-LED kuva mu 2017, yibanda ku gukoresha PPI nyinshi, urumuri rwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. kwerekana ibintu bigaragarira amasoIyi sosiyete yatangije ibicuruzwa byinshi bya Micro-LED bikomeye mu nganda.

 

Mu 2022, Tianma yashoye imari mu kubaka umurongo w’amashanyarazi wa Micro-LED ukora ibintu byose uhereye ku kohereza ibintu byinshi ujya kuri module yo kwerekana, ikoresheje uburyo bwa laser n’ibikoresho byihariye, mu gihe nta ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ku isi, kugira ngo igere ku gukora ibintu byikora. Uyu murongo wamuritse umusaruro wawo wa mbere ku ya 26 Kamena 2024, aho ibikoresho n’ibikoresho birenga 30 byakozwe ku bufatanye n’ibigo bitanga serivisi.

Ku itariki ya 31 Mutarama, BOE Huacan Optoelectronics Zhuhai Utudirishya duto twa Led Umushinga wo gukora no gupakira wa wafer ugizwe n'ibipimo by'umushinga, umushinga ugizwe n'ubuso bwa hegitari zigera kuri 217, ishoramari rya miliyari 2 z'amayuani, uzamurikira umusaruro wa mbere muri Nzeri 2024, uteganyijwe gukorwa mu Ukuboza uyu mwaka, mu gihe kizaza uzagera ku musaruro wa buri mwaka wa 58.800.Itara rito rya LEDuduce duto tw'imigati (wafers).

Dukurikije imibare, ingano y’isoko rya Micro LED chips mu 2023 ni miliyoni 32 z’amadolari y’Amerika, kandi biteganijwe ko ingano y’isoko mpuzamahanga rya Micro LED mu 2025 izarenga miliyari 3.5 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2025, kandi biteganijwe ko izarenga ikigero cya miliyari 10 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2027.

 

Micro-LED- icyiciro gishya cy'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kwerekana amashusho

 

Micro-LED, izwi kandi nka mLED cyangwa μLED, ni igikoresho kigizwe n'ibice bya electroluminescence bya micron. Binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza ibintu byinshi, ibi bice bishobora kwimurirwa mu gice gikomeye cyangwa cyoroshye hanyuma bigashyirwamo ibice birinda n'amashanyarazi.

Ihame ryo kwerekana micro-LED

 

Ishingiro ry'ikoranabuhanga rya MicroLED riri mu miterere ya pixel, buri pixel igizwe na sub-pixels z'amabara y'umutuku, icyatsi kibisi, n'ubururu. Buri sub-pixel ishobora kugenzurwa ku buryo bwihariye kugira ngo ihindure neza urumuri, ibara n'itandukaniro ry'ikimenyetso. Muri sisitemu yo kwerekana ya MicroLED, urumuri rutangwa na buri LED rutunganywa na lens na indorerwamo, hanyuma rugakora pixels kuri ecran yo kwerekana, kandi ruhindurwa na filter y'amabara kugira ngo rwerekane imikorere y'amabara wifuza. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutanga urumuri rwinshi cyane, itandukaniro n'ukuri kw'amabara.

 

Byongeye kandi, Micro LEDUrutonde ruhujwe n'inkingi nziza n'imbibi za buri Micro LED hakoreshejwe electrodes nziza n'imbibi za grid zigororotse. Iyi sano ituma Micro LED imurikwa hakoreshejwe scanning binyuze mu gukora imirongo ya electrode mu buryo bwihariye, bityo bigatuma amashusho yerekanwa.

Uburyo bwa Micro-LED

 

Micro-LED ni imiterere ya LED itunganywa hakoreshejwe firime nto, miniaturization na array, kandi ingano yayo ni hafi 1-100μm. Ubu buryo burimo kwimura micro-LEDs mu byiciro ku mbaho ​​za circuit, zishobora kuba zikomeye cyangwa zoroshye, zibonerana cyangwa zidasobanutse. Hanyuma, hakoreshwa uburyo bwo gushyiramo physical deposition kugira ngo hongerwemo urwego rwo kurinda n'amashanyarazi yo hejuru, hanyuma igice cyo hejuru gipfunyikwa kugira ngo hakorerwe ecran ya Micro-LED.

Ecran za micro-LED zitandukanye cyane n'ecran za LED zisanzwe mu bijyanye n'ingano, uburyo bwo gupakira, uburyo bwo guhuza, backplane na drive.

 

Uburyo bwo gukora micro-LED bukubiyemo ahanini:

 

Ubwa mbere, kristu ya LED ni icyuma gito, miniaturization na array binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya microfabrication.

Kuri ubu, uburyo bwo gukora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi (semiconductors) na chips (chips) buri hafi kugera aho bugarukira, ariko uburyo bwa Micro-LED buracyafite umwanya munini wo gukura. Hari uburyo butatu bw'ingenzi bukoreshwa: gusudira ku rwego rwa chips, gusudira ku rwego rwa epitaxial no kohereza filime.

 

Guhuza Chip (Guhuza Chip ku rwego rwa Chip)

 

Gusudira hakoreshejwe chip-level bisaba kugabanya LED mo micro-scale Micro LED chips no kuzihuza n'ikibaho cyo kwerekana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya SMT cyangwa COB. Ubu buryo bushobora guhindura intera yo kohereza, ariko ntibushobora koherezwa mu byiciro.

 

SMT ikoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye no guteranya ibikoresho hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, binyuze mu gushyira ibice bya chip kuri PCB cyangwa ahandi hantu, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusudira cyangwa gusudira mu mazi nko guteranya ibikoresho. Intambwe zirimo kugenzura ibikoresho, gusiga ecran, gupakira, kumisha, gusudira mu mazi, gusukura, gucomeka, gusudira mu mazi, gusukura, gusukura no gusana.

 

COB ni ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ecran nto rishyira mu buryo butaziguye wafer za LED kuri PCB rikazihuza mu matsinda ya CELL. Ugereranyije n'ikoranabuhanga rya SMD, ikoranabuhanga ryo gupakira COB rifite ibyiza byaryo bidasanzwe.

Guhuza umugozi (gusudira epitaxial)

 

Ubushyuhe bwo mu rwego rwa Epitaxial ni uburyo bwo gukora imiterere ya micrometer Micro-LED epitaxial thin film kuri LED epitaxial thin film layer hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya inductively coupled plasma ion etching (ICP). Intera idahinduka y'iyi nyubako ni intera isabwa hagati ya pixels zo kwerekana.

 

Hanyuma, wafer ya LED irimo urwego rwa epitaxial na substrate ihuzwa neza n'urubaho rwa drive circuit, hanyuma substrate igakurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa physique cyangwa chemical, hagasigara gusa imiterere ya Micro-LED epitaxial film ya 4 kugeza kuri 5μm kugira ngo ikore pixel yo kwerekana kuri drive circuit board. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko transfer ya batch ishobora kugaragara, ariko ikibi ni uko interval yo transfer idashobora guhindurwa.

Kohereza filime ntoya Kohereza filime ntoya

 

Ifatizo rya LED rikurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa fiziki cyangwa imiti, hakoreshejwe ifatizo ry'agateganyo kugira ngo rifate urwego rwa firime ya Micro-LED. Hanyuma, imiterere ya micron ikorwa hakoreshejwe inductively coupled plasma etching. Ubundi buryo ni ukubanza gukata hanyuma ugakuraho ifatizo rya LED. Dukurikije icyifuzo cy'aho display point interactions kuri drive circuit, firime ya Micro-LED yimurirwa kuri driver board mu byiciro hamwe n'igikoresho cyo kohereza kugira ngo urangize display point assembling. Ubu buryo burahendutse, ntibugengwa n'ingano y'aho display board, kandi bushobora kwimurirwa ku rwego runini.

 

Icya kabiri, kohereza amakuru ku rubuga rwa interineti - ikoranabuhanga rikomeye ryo kohereza amakuru

 

Urufunguzo rw'ikoranabuhanga rya Micro-LED ni uguhuza cyane amatara mato cyane kuri chip, bisaba uburyo bwihariye - ikoranabuhanga rya micro-transfer nini (rizwi kandi ko ari large transfer).

Ubu buryo bukubiyemo gusodera neza ibinyampeke by’ibanze bya LED amagana kugeza ku bihumbi ku kibaho gito cya TFT, bisaba igipimo cyo gutsindwa kiri hejuru cyane. Nubwo hari ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye rigerageza kugera kuri iyi ntego, kohereza ibintu byinshi biracyari ikoranabuhanga rigomba gukorwa ku bwinshi.

Uburyo bwo kohereza ibintu byinshi buri mu byiciro bine: gufata neza, kwishyira hamwe, kurekura ibintu mu buryo butoranijwe, no kwimura ibintu.

 

Mu gihe isoko rikomeje kwiyongera ku isoko ku bikoresho bifite amabara menshi kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo kureba neza, gukoresha ibara rya Micro-LED byabaye ubushakashatsi bwibandaho. Ubu, uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gushyira mu bikorwa burimoUburyo bwa RGB bw'amabara atatu bwa LED, uburyo bwo gusohora urumuri rwa UV/ubururu bwa LED n'uburyo bwo guhuza lenzi z'urumuri.

Uko isoko rya AR/VR rikomeza kwiyongera, hari ukwiyongera k'ubukene bw'amapaneli afite imikorere myiza cyane, ecran za LCD na OLED zisanzwe zitagishobora kugeraho. Isoko rikeneye byihutirwa ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo kwerekana kugira ngo rirusheho kunoza imikorere no kugera ku bipimo ngenderwaho by'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza. Ikoranabuhanga rya Micro-LED nk'igisubizo gishya, imiterere yaryo ituma rishobora guhaza ibyo bikenewe cyane.