Akhriso jiilka xiga ee tiknoolajiyada bandhigga caadiga ah - Micro-LED
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tignoolajiyada bandhiggu waxay noqotay hab muhiim ah oo lagu isdhaafsado macluumaadka, iyadoo la daboolayo taleefannada casriga ah, aaladaha VR/AR, alaabada la xiran karo, bandhigyada gaariga dhexdiisa, tablets/kombiyuutarrada iyo saadaasha laysarka.
Nalalka yaryar (Micro LED)Tiknoolajiyadda waxaa loo yaqaan "tiknoolajiyadda soo socota ee soo bandhigidda guud", horumarkeeda iyo warshadaynteeda ayaa sii kordhaya, fursadaha suuquna way sii kordhayaan.
Qaab-dhismeedka shirkadaha hormuudka ka ah gudaha
Tianma Microelectronics waxay maalgelin ku sameyneysay tignoolajiyada Micro-LED tan iyo 2017, iyadoo diiradda saareysa PPI sare, dhalaal sare iyo sare. bandhigyada hufnaantaShirkaddu waxay soo bandhigtay tiro ka mid ah alaabada Micro-LED ee hormuudka ka ah warshadaha.
Sannadkii 2022, Tianma waxay maalgelisay dhismaha khadka wax soo saarka Micro-LED oo dhammaystiran laga bilaabo wareejinta ballaaran ee loo wareejiyay qaybta bandhigga, iyadoo adeegsanaysa habka laysarka iyo qalabka loo habeeyey, haddii aanay jirin tiknoolajiyad ka baxsan adduunka, si loo gaaro wax soo saar otomaatig ah. Khadku wuxuu si guul leh u shiday wax soo saarkiisii ugu horreeyay Juun 26, 2024, kaas oo in ka badan 30 qalab wax soo saar iyo agab lagu sameeyay iskaashi lala sameeyay shirkadaha silsiladda sahayda.
Janaayo 31, BOE Huacan Optoelectronics Zhuhai Micro LED Mashruuca tijaabada ah ee wax soo saarka iyo baakaynta wafer-ka ayaa la soo gabagabeeyay, mashruucu wuxuu daboolayaa dhul dhan 217 acres, maalgashi dhan 2 bilyan oo yuan, wuxuu shidi doonaa badeecadii ugu horreysay Sebtembar 2024, oo la qorsheeyay in si ballaaran loo soo saaro Diseembar sanadkan, mustaqbalku wuxuu gaari doonaa wax soo saar sannadle ah oo ah 58,800.Nalalka yaryar (Micro LED)buskud.
Sida laga soo xigtay xogta, cabbirka suuqa ee jajabyada Micro LED sanadka 2023 waa qiyaastii 32 milyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, waxaana la filayaa in cabbirka suuqa Micro LED ee adduunka sanadka 2025 uu ka badnaan doono 3.5 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah sanadka 2025, waxaana la filayaa inuu sii jabiyo calaamadda 10 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah sanadka 2027.
Micro-LED - jiilka soo socda ee tiknoolajiyada bandhigga caadiga ah
Micro-LED, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan mLED ama μLED, waa qalab ka kooban cutubyo elektroluminescence ah oo cabbirkoodu yahay micron. Iyada oo loo marayo tiknoolajiyada wareejinta tirada, cutubyadan waxaa loo wareejin karaa substrate adag ama dabacsan ka dibna lagu xidhi karaa lakabyo ilaalin ah iyo elektrode.
Mabda'a bandhigga Micro-LED
Xudunta tignoolajiyada MicroLED waxay ku jirtaa qaab-dhismeedkeeda pixel, pixel kasta wuxuu ka kooban yahay midabyo hoose oo casaan, cagaar, iyo buluug ah. Dusha sare kasta si madax-bannaan ayaa loo xakameyn karaa si sax ah si loo hagaajiyo dhalaalka, midabka iyo isbarbardhigga shaashadda. Nidaamka bandhigga MicroLED, iftiinka uu soo saaro LED kasta waxaa lagu farsameeyaa muraayad iyo muraayad, ugu dambayntiina wuxuu sameeyaa pixels shaashadda bandhigga, waxaana lagu hagaajiyaa shaandho midab leh si loo muujiyo waxqabadka midabka la rabo. Faa'iidada tignoolajiyadani waa awooddeeda ay ku bixin karto dhalaal aad u sarreeya, isbarbardhig iyo saxnaanta midabka.
Intaa waxaa dheer, Micro-ku wuxuu LEDarray-gu wuxuu ku xiran yahay tiirarka togan iyo kuwa taban ee Micro LED kasta iyadoo la adeegsanayo elektroodhada shabagga togan iyo kuwa taban ee toosan ee iskutallaabta lagu habeeyay. Xidhiidhkani wuxuu awood u siinayaa Micro LED-ka in la shido iyadoo la sawirayo iyadoo la dhaqaajinayo khadadka elektroodka si taxane gaar ah, sidaas darteedna lagu gaarayo bandhigga sawirka.
Habka Micro-LED
Micro-LED waa qaab-dhismeed LED ah oo lagu farsameeyo filim khafiif ah, yareynaya iyo kala-soocid, cabbirkiisuna waa qiyaastii 1-100μm. Farsamadani waxay ku lug leedahay wareejinta muraayadaha yaryar ee dufcadaha ah looxyada wareegga, kuwaas oo noqon kara kuwo adag ama jilicsan, hufan ama aan caddayn. Marka xigta, habka dhigista jirka ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daro lakab ilaalin ah iyo elektroodh sare, ugu dambayntiina substrate-ka sare ayaa la xirxiraa si loo sameeyo bandhig Micro-LED ah.
Shaashadaha Micro-LED waxay si aasaasi ah uga duwan yihiin shaashadaha LED-ka dhaqameed marka loo eego hadhuudhka, baakadaha, habka isdhexgalka, backplane iyo drive-ka.
Habka wax soo saarka Micro-LED waxaa inta badan ka mid ah:
Marka hore, kiristaalka LED-ku waa filim khafiif ah, yareynaya oo diyaarsan iyada oo loo marayo tignoolajiyada habka microfabrication
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, habka yaraynta semiconductors-ka iyo jajabyada ayaa ku soo dhowaanaya xadkiisii, laakiin habka Micro-LED wali wuxuu leeyahay meel badan oo lagu kobcin karo. Waxaa jira saddex hab oo ugu muhiimsan oo la isticmaalo: alxanka heerka jajabka, alxanka heerka epitaxial iyo wareejinta filimka.
Isku xidhka jajabka (isku xidhka heerka jajabka)
Alxanka heerka jajabka ah waxaa ka mid ah in LED-ka loo qaybiyo jajabyo yaryar oo yaryar oo cabbirkoodu yahay micron iyo in lagu xidho looxa bandhigga iyadoo la adeegsanayo tiknoolajiyada SMT ama COB. Habkani wuxuu hagaajin karaa kala fogaanshaha wareejinta, laakiin looma wareejin karo kooxo.
SMT si weyn ayaa loogu isticmaalaa goobta isku-darka elektaroonigga ah, iyadoo lagu rakibayo qaybaha jajabka PCB ama dusha sare ee kale ee substrate-ka, iyadoo la adeegsanayo hababka alxanka dib-u-socodka ama alxanka hoos u dhaca sida isku-dubaridka alxanka. Tallaabooyinka waxaa ka mid ah kormeerka walxaha, koollada shaashadda, balastar, qalajinta, alxanka dib-u-socodka, nadiifinta, ku-xidhka, alxanka hirarka, dib-u-nadiifinta, kormeerka iyo dayactirka.
COB waa tiknoolajiyad bandhig yar oo si toos ah u buuxisa waferada LED-ka ee PCB-ga isla markaana isku daraysa cutubyo CELL ah. Marka la barbar dhigo tiknoolajiyada SMD, tiknoolajiyadda baakadaha COB waxay leedahay faa'iidooyinkeeda gaarka ah.
Isku xidhka Wafer (alxanka epitaxial)
Alxanka heerka epitaxial waa hab si toos ah loogu sameeyo qaab-dhismeedka filimka khafiifka ah ee heerka micrometer-ka ee Micro-LED ee lakabka filimka khafiifka ah ee epitaxial-ka ee LED iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada inductively coupled plasma ion etching (ICP). Kala fogaanshaha go'an ee qaab-dhismeedkan waa kala fogaanshaha loo baahan yahay ee pixels-ka bandhigga.
Dabadeed, wafer-ka LED-ka ee ka kooban lakabka epitaxial iyo substrate-ka ayaa si toos ah ugu xiran looxa wareegga wadista, substrate-kana waxaa laga jarayaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo farsamo jireed ama kiimiko, taasoo ka tagaysa oo keliya qaab-dhismeedka filimka epitaxial ee 4 ilaa 5μm Micro-LED si loo sameeyo pixel bandhig ah oo ku yaal looxa wareegga wadista. Faa'iidada habkan ayaa ah in wareejinta dufcadda la xaqiijin karo, laakiin khasaaraha ayaa ah in muddada wareejinta aan la hagaajin karin.
Wareejinta filimka khafiifka ah Wareejinta filimka khafiifka ah
Substrate-ka LED-ka waxaa laga saaraa hab jireed ama kiimiko ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo substrate ku meel gaar ah si loo qabto lakabka filimka Micro-LED. Kadib, qaab-dhismeedka micron-ka waxaa lagu sameeyaa qorax balaasma oo si is-dhexgal ah loogu xidhay. Hab kale ayaa ah in marka hore la xoqo ka dibna laga saaro substrate-ka LED-ka. Sida waafaqsan baahida loo qabo kala fogaanshaha barta bandhigga ee wareegga wadista, filimka Micro-LED waxaa loo raraa looxa darawalka iyadoo la adeegsanayo qalab wareejin oo xulasho ah si loo dhammaystiro isu-imaatinka barta bandhigga. Hawshani waa mid kharash yar, kuma koobna cabbirka looxa bandhigga, waxaana loo wareejin karaa si ballaaran.
Marka labaad, wareejinta dufcaddii loo wareejiyay guddiga wareegga - tignoolajiyada wareejinta ballaaran
Furaha tiknoolajiyada Micro-LED waa isku-dhafka cufan ee nalalka aadka u yaryar ee ku yaal jajabka, kaas oo u baahan hab gaar ah - tignoolajiyada weyn ee wareejinta yar (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan wareejinta weyn).
Farsamadani waxay ku lug leedahay in si sax ah loogu dahaadho boqollaal ilaa kun oo ah badarka LED-ka aasaasiga ah guddi wareeg oo TFT ah oo yar, kaas oo u baahan heer aad u sarreeya oo guuldarro ah. In kasta oo ay jiraan teknoolojiyado kala duwan oo isku dayaya in la gaaro yoolkan, haddana wareejinta tirada ayaa weli ah tignoolajiyad la soo saaro.
Farsamooyinka wareejinta tirada badan waxay u qaybsan yihiin afar qaybood: qabsashada saxda ah, isku-dubaridka is-dhexgalka, sii-deynta xulashada ah, iyo wareejinta.
Iyadoo ay sii kordheyso baahida suuqa ee shaashadaha midabka sare leh iyo kuwa xallinta sare leh, midabaynta Micro-LED waxay noqotay diiradda cilmi-baarista. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, hababka ugu muhiimsan ee hirgelinta waxaa ka mid ahHabka LED-ka ee saddex-midabka leh ee RGB, habka dhexdhexaadka ah ee iftiinka soo saaraya UV/buluug LED iyo habka isku-darka muraayadaha indhaha.
Maadaama suuqa AR/VR uu sii korayo, waxaa jira baahi sii kordheysa oo loo qabo guddiyo waxqabad sare leh oo aan la kulmi karin bandhigyada LCD-ga dhaqameed iyo OLED. Suuqu wuxuu si degdeg ah ugu baahan yahay teknoolojiyadaha bandhigga cusub si loo horumariyo waxqabadka loona gaaro heerarka horumarinta mustaqbalka. Tiknoolajiyadda Micro-LED oo ah xal soo baxaya, astaamaheeda ayaa ka dhigaya mid si xooggan u tartama baahiyahan.
