Ukusuka kwi-OLED ukuya kwi-Micro LED: Imfazwe phakathi kweTshayina neSouth Korea yokubonisa isizukulwana esilandelayo inokungena kumzuzu womdlalo

Idatha yophando lwenkampani yophando lwemarike iDisplay Supply Chain Consultants (DSCC) ibonisa ukuba ngo-2023, ngokwendawo yokubonisa, iphaneli yokubonisa yaseMzantsi Korea yayine-10% kuphela yehlabathi, kwaye ilizwekazi laseTshayina laline-67%. Ingakumbi kwiteknoloji entsha ye-OLED kunye neteknoloji yexesha elizayo. I-Micro LED, Umgangatho ophambili weSouth Korea uyancipha kancinci kancinci.

ULee Choong-hoon, intloko ye-UBI Research eKorea, uthe, "Ukuba sijonga uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yodwa, kukho umsantsa wonyaka omnye ukuya kwemibini (phakathi kweKorea neTshayina) kwisikrini se-OLED." NgoMatshi kulo nyaka, uMongameli weSamsung Display uChoi Ju-sun naye uthe umsantsa wetekhnoloji phakathi kwabavelisi beephaneli ze-OLED zaseTshayina kunye nowethu umalunga nonyaka omnye ukuya kwi-1.5. Ngokwengqikelelo ka-Omdia, kwisiqingatha sokuqala sowama-2024, ukuthunyelwa kwe-OLED okugoqekayo kwilizwekazi laseTshayina kuya kufikelela kwiiyunithi ezizigidi ezi-6.4, okubangela i-53% yokuthunyelwa kwehlabathi - okokuqala olu didi luphezulu luphezulu kwisabelo sehlabathi.

Kwelinye icala, kwitekhnoloji yeMicro LED, imboni yaseKorea nayo ikhathazekile. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ummandla welizwekazi laseTshayina ngoku ngowona mmandla mkhulu wemveliso ye-LED kunye ne-industrial chain based. Ingakumbi ngokwembono yetekhnoloji ephezulu, i-silicon carbide eMelika, i-sapphire eJapan, i-monocrystalline silicon eTshayina kunye ne-gallium nitride zenze indlela yetekhnoloji ezimeleyo. Kwangaxeshanye, kuphando nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yezinto ze-perovskite olusakhulayo, imboni yaseTshayina ibisoloko igcina utyalo-mali olwaneleyo kunye nobunzulu bokuhlola.

Ngenxa yoku, urhulumente waseMzantsi Korea kutshanje uthathe isigqibo sokutyala imali eyi-484 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi (ii-yuan ezi-2.57 zeebhiliyoni) kwiminyaka esibhozo ukuphuhlisa iteknoloji yokubonisa ukukhanya okungekho ngokwemvelo (iLED, iMicro LED, njl.njl.) kunye nokwakha inkqubo yendalo. Esi sicwangciso sinceda kakhulu uMzantsi Korea ukwakha uthotho lwemizi-mveliso "oluzimeleyo" ukusuka kwizixhobo, izixhobo, iinkqubo ukuya kwiiterminal.

Abanye abahlalutyi beshishini bakholelwa ukuba ukhuphiswano phakathi kweTshayina neSouth Korea kwiphaneli yokubonisa ephucukileyo kunye nekhonkco leshishini lephaneli yokubonisa elizayo lenza ipateni "yokulinganisa indawo" ejikeleze i-OLED kunye ne-Micro LED.

"Musani ukumamela iminyaka eli-1.5 yeshishini laseKorea." Olu luvavanyo lomntu ongaphakathi kushishino. Uthe ixesha lalifana nesiqubulo sokuba uMzantsi Korea ukhuthaze umanyano lwangaphakathi. Ukuba ufuna ukulinganisa umgangatho wemveliso, kusenokwenzeka ukuba i-IT kuthiwa kwi-OLED, umgca we-IT wesizukulwana se-Samsung 8.6 usenokuba yiminyaka eli-1.5 ngaphambi kwemveliso yomgca we-IT wesizukulwana se-BOE 8.6.

Enyanisweni, uMzantsi Korea ukwicandelo le-OLED kangangeminyaka emininzi, ukwakheka kwenzuzo kusekukhulu. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwicala lezinto kunye nezixhobo: umzekelo, umgca wamva nje we-BOE we-8.6-generation OLED B16 ugqibe ekubeni usebenzise izixhobo zomatshini we-Sunic System evaporation eMzantsi Korea. Umzekelo, i-Idemitsu Kosan yaseJapan ikhuthaza ukudluliselwa kwawo onke amasebe ayo ophando kunye nophuhliso lwezinto (R&D) eKorea. I-Idemitsu yinkampani emele i-petrochemical kunye nezinto eJapan, enentengiso yonyaka engaphezulu kwe-80 trillion won (malunga ne-416 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan), kwaye inetekhnoloji ye-OLED yokuqala.

Kwishishini le-OLED, umatshini wokufunxa ulingana nomatshini we-lithography kwimarike ye-semiconductor. Okwangoku, ziinkampani zaseJapan naseKorea kuphela ezenza ezi zinto. IJapan kunye noMzantsi Korea banentsebenziswano esondeleyo kwi-OLED ephezulu. Ukongeza, i-Apple, njengomthengi omkhulu weephaneli ze-OLED, ibisoloko ikhetha iimveliso ezenziwe ngezixhobo zaseJapan kunye nezixhobo.

Ngokwengxelo yeKorea Display Industry Association, izinga lokufumana izinto eziluhlaza ze-OLED eKorea, iinxalenye kunye nezixhobo linyuke ukusuka kwi-65% ngo-2019 ukuya kwi-71.5% kulo nyaka. Phakathi kwazo, izinga lokufumana izinto eziluhlaza eKorea, iinxalenye kunye nezixhobo zenkqubo ye-OLED, linyuke ukusuka kwi-60% ngo-2019 ukuya kwi-70% kulo nyaka; izinga lokufumana izinto eziluhlaza eKorea, iinxalenye kunye nezixhobo, linyuke ukusuka kwi-70% ukuya kwi-73%.

Ngoko ke, imboni ephambili ye-OLED eMzantsi Korea yeyona ikhokelayo kulo lonke uthotho lwemizi-mveliso, kunye nentsebenziswano ephambili yorhwebo kunye nobuchwepheshe neJapan kunye ne-United States. Kule nkalo, isantya samashishini aseTshayina sokufika, sisemva kakhulu kumandla emveliso yephaneli yokubonisa.

Ukunika ithuba "kwimfuno yemarike kunye nokhuphiswano lweendleko, ukwakheka kwenzuzo yesikali" kukwayinto evunyelwene ngayo kwishishini le-OLED laseTshayina kweli nqanaba. Umzekelo, kwisizukulwana esilandelayo se-IT esine-8.6 generation line, oko kukuthi, emva kokuba iSamsung, i-BOE, esandula ukusayina isivumelwano sentsebenziswano neHefei, ivumile ukutyala imali ekwakhiweni kweprojekthi ye-8.6 generation OLED line eHefei, utyalo-mali lulonke kulindeleke ukuba lube yi-55 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Kulindeleke ukuba le projekthi isebenzise itekhnoloji "ye-lithographic" eyenziwe ngokuzimeleyo yiVicigna, kunye nokuphumelela kunye nomahluko kwimveliso, iindleko kunye nokusebenza kokubonisa. Kwangaxeshanye, iindaba zithi iTianma ikwaceba ukutyala imali kwiprojekthi ye-8th generation OLED, kulindeleke ukuba imisele isicwangciso sotyalo-mali ngaphakathi konyaka.

Ukongeza kwitekhnoloji yendabuko yokufunxa, iHuaxing Optoelectronics ngokuyintloko ibe yinkokeli yehlabathi kuluhlu lwemizi-mveliso lwezixhobo ze-OLED eziprintiweyo, izixhobo kunye neetheminali. UZhao Jun, i-CEO ye-TCL Huaxing, uthe kwicandelo lomboniso we-OLED oprintiweyo wesizukulwana esilandelayo, ingqwalasela yokukhuthaza i-TCL Huaxing ikwicandelo lomboniso wobukhulu obuphakathi, njengemiboniso yezorhwebo, yezemidlalo ye-e, ii-notebook, kunye neemveliso ezahlukeneyo ezifana nezonyango, izithuthi, kunye nolawulo lwemizi-mveliso. I-Huaxing kulindeleke ukuba iqalise umgca wayo wokuqala wovavanyo lokuvelisa ubungakanani bemveliso ye-5.5 kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, isikrini sokushicilela se-OLED sobukhulu obuphakathi sorhwebo, kunye nesikrini sabathengi kunyaka olandelayo.

Ukuba iprojekthi yokuprinta i-OLED ye-Huaxing Optoelectronics ihamba kakuhle, kuya kuba lithuba kwishishini le-OLED laseTshayina lokufezekisa ukudlula kwendlela ukusuka kwizixhobo ukuya kwisiphelo sendlela.

Kwisiboniso se-OLED, "Iingenelo zaseMzantsi Korea kukuqokelelana, uthotho lweshishini oluphezulu luqinile, kunye nentsebenziswano esondeleyo neJapan kunye ne-United States; Inzuzo yeTshayina kukuba isikali sotyalo-mali esifike emva kwexesha sikhulu, imfuno yemarike inamandla, kwaye indlela entsha yobuchwepheshe efana nokuprinta kunye nemizobo ye-lithography isebenza ngakumbi..." Kakade ke, kufuneka kubonwe ukuba ingxaki yemiqobo yeshishini laseTshayina le-OLED kwizixhobo eziphambili ezifana noomatshini bokufudumeza isaza kusonjululwa.

Njengeteknoloji yokubonisa entsha, iMicro LED ilindele lukhulu. I-TrendForce Consulting ikhuphe i-"2024 Micro LED Market Trend and Technology Cost Analysis Report" eqikelela ukuba ixabiso lemveliso yeetships zeMicro LED kwimarike yezixhobo ezinxitywayo kuphela kwi-2022 ukuya kwi-2027 compound growth rate (CAGR) iya kuba phezulu njenge-136%. Ukongeza, i-micro LED display ingasetyenziswa nakwiimarike ze-car, IT, color TV kunye ne-engineering-screen display ezinkulu.

Okwangoku, ngokutsho kohlalutyo lweendaba zaphesheya, isabelo sehlabathi saseTshayina sokuthengwa kwezixhobo zeMicro LED singaphezulu kwama-70%. Kunokuthiwa ishishini laseTshayina liyawufezekisa uhlengahlengiso "lwekhonkco elipheleleyo" ukusuka kwiimveliso zemveli eziphambili ze-LED ukuya kwisibonisi seMicro LED esikhulayo esiphambili. Ukuphendula, impendulo yaseMzantsi Korea, kwelinye icala, kukwandisa uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yasekhaya kunye nenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo, kwelinye icala, ukwandisa intsebenziswano neJapan, ummandla waseTaiwan waseTshayina kunye neYurophu kunye neekhonkco zemizi-mveliso ezinxulumene ne-United States. Umzekelo, iimveliso ze-THE WALL zeSamsung zamkele ummandla waseTaiwan waseTshayina i-AU AM TFT kunye netekhnoloji yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha, iitships zeFucai LED kunye nezinye iimveliso.

Xa kuthelekiswa nokukhokela kwe-OLED South Korea kuyo yonke ikhonkco, iingenelo zamashishini aseTshayina kunye namashishini kwi-Micro LED zinkulu kakhulu. Ingakumbi xa kujongwa inani lezifundo zotyalo-mali kunye nokwahlukahluka kwezicelo, ishishini laseTshayina leMicro LED lineempawu zokuqhakaza. Abantu abangaphakathi kushishino bakholelwa ukuba eyona ngxaki inkulu yeenkampani zaseKorea kukhuphiswano lwephaneli yokubonisa "kukungabikho kwenani lezifundo ezinkulu." Kule nkalo, ilizwe lethu lixhomekeke kwinzuzo "yobuninzi" kwaye lenza imisebenzi yamaqela, enokuthi iphumelele ummangaliso wokukhula "wokubhabha ngezitena ezinkulu".

Ingakumbi kwizixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zeMicro LED, ezifana nezixhobo zeMOCVD, inkampani yenze uluhlu olupheleleyo lweemveliso ezinamalungelo obunikazi obuzimeleyo; Ngumvelisi ohamba phambili kwihlabathi jikelele wezixhobo ze-LED ezisekelwe kwi-gallium nitride, enesabelo esiphambili semarike kwicandelo le I-Mini LED Izixhobo zasekhaya ze-nitride. Ngokuphathelele ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Micro LED, i-Dazu Laser iphuhlise ukudluliselwa kobunzima be-micro-LED, ukuwelda kobunzima be-micro-LED, ukulungiswa kwe-micro-LED kunye nezinye izixhobo; Izixhobo zokudluliselwa kunye nokuhlutywa kunye nokubopha nge-laser ezinkulu ezenziwe yiMaiwei kunye neTianma zifakiwe kumgca wemveliso we-Tianma Micro LED, kwaye iimveliso zokuqala kulindeleke ukuba zikhanyiswe kulo nyaka.

"Ngaphandle kwengxaki yezixhobo eziphambili, ukukhula kweshishini leMicro LED kuya kuba nokuzimela ngakumbi." Eli lishishini leMicro LED eTshayina xa lithelekiswa neshishini leOLED "inzuzo ngakumbi kwelinye icala." Enyanisweni, utyalo-mali lomgca wesizukulwana se-OLED 8.6, ukongeza kwiSamsung kunye neBeijing Oriental ezimbini, okokuqala zaqinisa amandla emveliso yomatshini wokufudumeza waseJapan noMzantsi Korea, izicwangciso zotyalo-mali ze-LG, Vicino, Tianma kunye nezinye iinkampani, ziphantsi kwemiqathango "yokubonelela ngomatshini wokufudumeza". Izinto ezifanayo azikho okwangoku kwimarike yeMicro LED, yiyo loo nto eli shishini linethemba malunga nokuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza kwetekhnoloji yokubonisa iMicro LED.

Nangona kunjalo, kukhuphiswano lomboniso wexesha elizayo, iingcali zoshishino zikwabonise ukuba eli asilodabi "lokoyiswa ngesando". Kwelinye icala, ubuchwepheshe buyaqhubeka nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha nokuphucula, kwaye akukho mntu unokuqinisekisa ngazwi linye ukuba yeyiphi iteknoloji emele ikamva. Kwelinye icala, ukwahluka kweemfuno zesicelo kunokwenza umboniso wephaneli yexesha elizayo uhlale "umzekelo wokuhlalisana kweteknoloji ezininzi".

Umzekelo, i-TCL Huaxing Zhao Jun ithe kule nkalo, isibonisi se-OLED sexesha elizayo kwicandelo lesicelo elibanzi, amathuba amakhulu okungabikho ndlela yokubala i-50% okanye ngaphezulu njengeefowuni eziphathwayo, anokubalelwa kwi-10%-20%, kungabi ngaphezulu kwe-30%, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ixabiso liphezulu. Ke, kwixesha elifutshane, imfazwe yephaneli yaseSino-Korea iya kukhuphisana ngokudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji ye-LCD, i-OLED, kunye ne-Micro LED. Ngokuphathelele i-LCD, amashishini aseTshayina aseke inzuzo epheleleyo, i-OLED ifikelela kwisantya esincinci sokufikelela, i-Micro LED ikhokela okwethutyana.